Feller L, Jadwat Y, Khammissa R, Meyerov R et al, 2015.
The properties of biomaterials, including their surface microstructural topography and
their surface chemistry or surface energy/wettability, affect cellular responses such as
cell adhesion, proliferation, and migration. The nanotopography of moderately rough
implant surfaces enhances the production of biological mediators in the peri-implant
microenvironment with consequent recruitment of differentiating osteogenic cells to
the implant surface and stimulates osteogenic maturation. Implant surfaces with
moderately rough topography and with high surface energy promote osteogenesis,
increase the ratio of bone-to-implant contact, and increase the bonding strength of the
bone to the implant at the interface. Certain features of implant surface chemistry are
also important in enhancing peri-implant bone wound healing. It is the purpose of this
paper to review some of the more important features of titanium implant surfaces
which have an impact on osseointegration.